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M94A0658.TXT
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1994-10-21
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Document 0658
DOCN M94A0658
TI Alcoholism as a risk factor.
DT 9412
AU Strain J
SO Annu Conf Australas Soc HIV Med. 1993 Oct 28-30;5:54 (abstract no. SP5).
Unique Identifier : AIDSLINE ASHM5/94348997
AB Individuals who use alcohol have been found to be at higher risk for HIV
infection than those who do not. The San Francisco Gay Men's Health
Study, the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS), and the Newark Medical
Center Alcoholic Assessment Study, all describe that the use of alcohol,
and, in particular, if there is an alcohol abuse disorder, to be a
significant risk factor for contracting HIV infection. In the Newark
research, blood samples from 99 alcohol treatment center patients were
tested; 76% were males. Sixty-eight percent reported alcohol use
exclusively, and 27% described current or past intravenous drug use in
addition to alcohol use. HIV-1Ab seropositivity was found in 4.5% of
patients who abused alcohol exclusively. Although the alcohol exclusive
group may not have been truthful in reporting their intravenous drug
abuse, the most likely source of HIV transmission is high risk sexual
behaviour; the likelihood of such behaviour is increased by the
disinhibiting effects of alcohol. 83% of sexually active men and women
had engaged in unsafe sex during the preceding year. One hundred percent
of sexually active subjects reported that they always used alcohol
before or during sex and readily acknowledged the role alcohol played in
facilitating unsafe sexual practices. The apparent determining factor in
being at risk for HIV was not the absolute number of the subject's sex
partners, but rather the number with whom the subject had shared alcohol
or drugs. The disinhibiting effects of alcohol is an important mediator
of the association. Men who expect alcohol to diminish tension are more
likely to engage in HIV transmitting behaviour while intoxicated than
are men who do not have such an expectation. The public health
consequences of the 4.5% prevalence of HIV seropositivity in alcoholics
who do use intravenous drugs will be discussed. Adequate history taking
and counselling on the use of alcohol and the risk of acquiring HIV is
mandatory, and must be a part of the routine examination in all medical
settings.
DE Adult Alcoholism/COMPLICATIONS/*EPIDEMIOLOGY/PSYCHOLOGY Cohort Studies
Cross-Sectional Studies Female Homosexuality/PSYCHOLOGY/STATISTICS &
NUMER DATA Human HIV Infections/*EPIDEMIOLOGY/PREVENTION &
CONTROL/PSYCHOLOGY/ TRANSMISSION *HIV-1 Incidence Male Risk Factors
Sex Behavior Substance Abuse, Intravenous/COMPLICATIONS/EPIDEMIOLOGY/
PSYCHOLOGY United States/EPIDEMIOLOGY MEETING ABSTRACT
SOURCE: National Library of Medicine. NOTICE: This material may be
protected by Copyright Law (Title 17, U.S.Code).